Nikos wrote:
> It should be the case with i.pca as well since eigen_VALUES_ (=represent
> the variances of the original dimensions that are "kept" in each
> component) are important for the interpretation of what exactly are each
> of the components. But, i.pca just does not report the eigen_VALUES_.
>
> At some point some C-expert needs to have a look in the code (i.pca) and
> correct the "bug" which does not let the eigen_VALUES_ from being
> printed.
done in devbr6 (6.5svn) please test, I'm not a multivariate stats guru
and may have done something dumb so didn't port to other branches yet.
I changed the i.pca output to be like:
Eigen (vectors) and values:
PC1 ( -0.63 -0.65 -0.43 ) 88.07
PC2 ( 0.23 0.37 -0.90 ) 11.48
PC3 ( 0.75 -0.66 -0.08 ) 0.45
As it was previously sent to stderr via G_message() I don't feel bad about
breaking output text compatibility. I wanted to add "%" to the values but
due to the sprintf()+strcat() method in the code that was a pain, so I
didn't.
> > If this is the case then both methods still differ significantly. Is
> > this possible, and which should I use.
>
> Please have a look at my comments/questions in link [2].
> i.pca follows the "SVD" method. You performed the non-standartised PCA
> using the covariance matrix. Note that you can use also the
> standartised method by using the correlation matrix.
does the r.mapcalc command at the end of the m.eigensystem help page*
do that conversion, or ...? ie how can we test these against each other?
how to do the standardized method?
[*] (is "\-" there a typo or some old mapcalc syntax?)
also ISTR somebody (Dylan?) doing a comparison with the R-stats interface.
It would be nice to run tests using the Spearfish imagery dataset. After
my own tests I noticed it matched what was used in the m.eigensystem help
page.
my results follow.
Hamish
----------------------------
#Spearfish imagery sample dataset
g.region rast=spot.ms.1
# 'by-hand-method'
G65> echo "3" > test_m.eigensystem # number of input maps
G65> r.covar map=spot.ms.1,spot.ms.2,spot.ms.3 >> test_m.eigensystem
G65> cat test_m.eigensystem
3
462.876649 480.411218 281.758307
480.411218 513.015646 278.914813
281.758307 278.914813 336.326645
G65> m.eigensystem < test_m.eigensystem
-----
C The output is N sets of values. One E line and N V W lines
C
C E real imaginary percent-importance
C V real imaginary
C N real imaginary
C W real imaginary
C ...
C
C where E is the eigen value (and it relative importance)
C and V are the eigenvector for this eigenvalue.
C N are the normalized eigenvector for this eigenvalue.
C W are the N vector multiplied by the square root of the
C magnitude of the eigen value (E).
-----
E 1159.7452017844 0.0000000000 88.38
V 0.6910021591 0.0000000000
V 0.7205280412 0.0000000000
V 0.4805108400 0.0000000000
N 0.6236808478 0.0000000000
N 0.6503301526 0.0000000000
N 0.4336967751 0.0000000000
W 21.2394712045 0.0000000000
W 22.1470141296 0.0000000000
W 14.7695575384 0.0000000000
E 5.9705414972 0.0000000000 0.45
V 0.7119385973 0.0000000000
V -0.6358200627 0.0000000000
V -0.0703936743 0.0000000000
N 0.7438340890 0.0000000000
N -0.6643053754 0.0000000000
N -0.0735473745 0.0000000000
W 1.8175356507 0.0000000000
W -1.6232096923 0.0000000000
W -0.1797107407 0.0000000000
E 146.5031967184 0.0000000000 11.16
V 0.2265837636 0.0000000000
V 0.3474697082 0.0000000000
V -0.8468727535 0.0000000000
N 0.2402770238 0.0000000000
N 0.3684685345 0.0000000000
N -0.8980522763 0.0000000000
W 2.9082771721 0.0000000000
W 4.4598880523 0.0000000000
W -10.8698904856 0.0000000000
# 'all-in-one method' using r.covar+m.eigensystem:
G65> (echo 3; r.covar spot.ms.1,spot.ms.2,spot.ms.3 ) | m.eigensystem
Then, using the W vector, new maps are created:
r.mapcalc 'pc.1 = 21.2395*map.1 + 22.1470*map.2 + 14.7696*map.3'
r.mapcalc 'pc.2 = 2.9083*map.1 + 4.4599*map.2 - 10.8699*map.3'
r.mapcalc 'pc.3 = 1.8175*map.1 - 1.6232*map.2 \- 0.1797*map.3'
(is "\-" above a typo or some old mapcalc syntax?)
which look highly similar (but not identical) to i.pca output maps.
(after 'r.colors color=grey')
# 'automatic method'
imagery60:G6.5svn> i.pca in=spot.ms.1,spot.ms.2,spot.ms.3 out=spot_pca
Eigen (vectors) and values:
PC1 ( -0.63 -0.65 -0.43 ) 88.07
PC2 ( 0.23 0.37 -0.90 ) 11.48
PC3 ( 0.75 -0.66 -0.08 ) 0.45
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